Occlusodontics
Improvement of sports performances, prevention of tendinitis and muscular pains.
Occlusodontology is surely the dental discipline that has evolved the least in the last 30 years.
Can it still be considered as an aspect of dentistry in the same way as prosthesis, endodontics or periodontics is?
Different theories emanating from different authors seem to coexist, making the search for its reality even more vague and opaque.
This reality is nevertheless revealed during prosthetic failures or unexplained clinical symptoms. Would there be several truths or simply a misunderstanding as to its real nature?
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Occlusodontics
To understand the occlusion, it is enough to study the different stages of its genesis:
The occlusal concept was purely dento-dental. Dental occlusion represented the interdental contacts between the maxillary and mandibular arches.
As the mandibular movements were related to the masticatory muscles, the neuromuscular concept of occlusion emerged naturally.
The cranio-mandibular relationship, that is, the skeletal bone frame, became an occlusal determinant. The gnathological school brought by spoke of central relation defined in a purely structural way (the most posterior position of the condyle in the glenoid cavity).
It was already known that the dental arcades belonged to the skull.
The meniscus appeared with SLAVICEK, FARRAR, and CARDONNET. The cranio-mandibular relationship incorporated meniscal alignment. This phase made it possible to better understand the temporomandibular pathologies, called meniscus condylar and to better treat them. However, it was unclear why some patients trigger pathologies and others do not.
A more holistic conception appeared with kinesiology (NAHMANI, MEERSMANN, and GELB). Occlusodontics has now become recognised as being essential for athletes and all those wishing to improve their performance.
Later, posturology provided a framework for interdisciplinary examination and diagnosis. The individual, considered as a system, becomes by his experience and his history the main actor of his health and his pathology.
general: the individual through his/her history and symptoms • regional: the cranio-mandibular connection • local: the teeth A purely dental conception cannot grasp occlusion. Here, we may quote DUBOS “Think globally, act locally”
Think globally, act locally
This brief history shows that there are 3 levels of information and knowledge concerning occlusion, which can be understood only through these 3 polarized filters:
- general: the individual through his history and his symptoms
- regional: the cranio-mandibular relationship
- local: teeth
Any dental-only design can not apprehend occlusion.
We thus find the thought of DUBOS.